New Rails: On-Chain Finance, Autonomous Science, Greenfield Strategy

New Rails: On-Chain Finance, Autonomous Science, Greenfield Strategy

a16z Podcast Dec 26, 2025 english 6 min read

Explore how new infrastructure primitives are reshaping finance with on-chain credit and synthetic assets, accelerating science through autonomous labs, and empowering startups via greenfield strategies.

Key Insights

  • Insight

    Stablecoins are evolving beyond narrow banking models, necessitating on-chain credit origination and capital formation to facilitate scaled on-chain finance.

    Impact

    This shift can significantly reduce back-office costs (e.g., loan servicing) and enhance composability within the DeFi ecosystem, driving greater financial efficiency and innovation.

  • Insight

    The 'perpification' of traditional assets, creating synthetic perpetual futures on-chain, offers a more scalable and accessible alternative to direct asset tokenization, especially for emerging market equities.

    Impact

    It democratizes access to robust capital markets globally and creates more efficient derivatives trading, potentially capturing significant notional volume on-chain.

  • Insight

    New 'synthetic dollar' structures, collateralized by diverse high-yield assets like cash-and-carry trades, physical infrastructure, or higher-risk credit, are emerging as a sophisticated evolution of fiat-backed stablecoins.

    Impact

    These provide new mechanisms for stablecoin collateralization, offer higher yields, and create investment opportunities reflective of complex traditional trading strategies within a crypto-native framework.

  • Insight

    Advances in AI reasoning and robot learning are enabling collaborative autonomous labs, combining AI-driven experiment planning with physical automation to accelerate scientific discovery.

    Impact

    This will speed up research in life sciences, chemicals, and materials, with interpretability and traceability being crucial for scientific validation and human-AI collaboration in the near term.

  • Insight

    AI-native startups can achieve significant distribution by employing a 'greenfield strategy': selling to other nascent AI-native startups at their formation stage.

    Impact

    This approach bypasses incumbent disadvantages, allows startups to grow organically with their customers, and capitalizes on low switching costs and fewer stakeholders in early-stage companies.

  • Insight

    Incumbent companies struggle to sell to startups due to P&L constraints, creating an inherent advantage for agile AI-native startups targeting this segment.

    Impact

    This fosters a competitive environment where specialized AI-native solutions can rapidly gain market share by addressing the unique needs of emerging businesses more effectively and efficiently.

Key Quotes

"I think taking a more crypto native approach is actually better regardless of whether you want to offer the product to a crypto native audience or to a more traditional audience because you're gonna have much greater back office efficiency in many cases."
"What is new and what is emerging right now is the combination of reasoning capabilities and experiment planning and the physical element of lab automation."
"If you attract all of the new companies at formation and then grow with them, as your customers become big companies in their own right, so will you."

Summary

New Rails: The Dawn of On-Chain Finance, Autonomous Science, and Strategic Startup Growth

The landscape of technology, business, and science is undergoing a profound transformation, driven by the emergence of new infrastructure primitives that promise compounding innovation. From the evolution of programmable money to the acceleration of scientific discovery and novel strategies for startup distribution, we are witnessing the genesis of entirely new systems built on efficiency, composability, and targeted growth.

Reshaping Finance: Beyond Traditional Boundaries

Stablecoins, once simple digital representations of fiat, are poised to evolve into sophisticated instruments facilitating on-chain credit origination and capital formation. The traditional "narrow bank" model is giving way to a more dynamic ecosystem, where private credit funds and curators play a pivotal role in managing stablecoin collateral and extending loans natively on-chain. This paradigm shift holds the potential to drastically reduce back-office costs, such as loan servicing, which can consume a significant percentage of a credit facility's value annually. Moreover, native on-chain origination promises greater composability across decentralized finance (DeFi) projects.

Another frontier is the "perpification" of traditional assets. Instead of merely tokenizing existing assets, the focus is shifting to creating perpetual futures – synthetic, on-chain derivatives that mirror off-chain prices. This approach offers superior scalability and access, particularly for emerging market equities where derivatives often outstrip underlying spot volumes. Furthermore, innovative "synthetic dollars" are emerging, backed not just by fiat but by higher-yield credit assets, cash-and-carry trades, or even physical infrastructure like solar panels and GPUs. These offer new avenues for investment and collateralization, akin to traditional trading strategies being made accessible through ETFs, but with the added benefits of on-chain transparency and composability.

Accelerating Discovery: The Era of Autonomous Science

Scientific progress is on the cusp of a revolution with advances in AI reasoning and robot learning converging to enable autonomous laboratories. This isn't about fully self-driving science just yet, but rather a powerful collaboration between human scientists, AI systems, and lab automation. AI-driven experiment planning combined with physical robots will accelerate research in diverse fields like life sciences, chemistry, and material science. A critical near-term requirement for these systems is interpretability and traceability, ensuring scientists understand the why behind experimental iterations, not just the what.

Government and industry collaborations, alongside dedicated startups, are forming the foundational elements for this future. From mathematical reasoning to physical simulation and robot learning, incremental progress across these AI domains is steadily moving us towards the ultimate destination of self-driving labs, where the market demand for research outputs in sectors like pharma will drive early adoption.

Strategic Growth: The Greenfield Distribution Playbook

For AI-native startups, a powerful, yet often underrated, distribution strategy is emerging: the "greenfield strategy." This involves selling to other AI-native startups at their earliest formation stages. Unlike incumbents, who are often constrained by existing P&L structures and struggle to serve nascent companies, new startups can capitalize on a market segment characterized by fewer stakeholders, minimal switching costs, and a demand for flexible, incomplete solutions. By attracting these early customers, startups can grow alongside them, leveraging their eventual scale as case studies for broader market penetration.

Accelerators like Y Combinator provide ideal hunting grounds for these early adopters. The key to success lies in finding a narrow wedge, building a superior AI-enhanced solution, and continuously shipping useful features to grow with customers as their needs evolve. This strategy is unconstrained by existing enterprise software categories, allowing AI-native solutions to redefine what a CRM or HR system can be by natively incorporating intelligence.

Conclusion

These three interconnected trends – the evolution of on-chain finance, the acceleration of science through AI autonomy, and the strategic greenfield approach to startup growth – are more than just buzzwords. They represent fundamental shifts in infrastructure and methodology, creating new rails that enable unprecedented levels of efficiency, accessibility, and innovation. For investors and business leaders, understanding and engaging with these transformative forces will be critical for navigating the opportunities of the coming years.

Action Items

Invest in and develop infrastructure for native on-chain credit origination and private credit funds to facilitate capital formation beyond basic stablecoin usage.

Impact: This will unlock new financial products and efficiencies, significantly expanding the capabilities and reach of decentralized finance into mainstream credit markets.

Explore and fund platforms that enable the 'perpification' of traditional assets, particularly focusing on emerging market equities with high derivatives trading volumes.

Impact: This can democratize access to global investment opportunities, create highly scalable synthetic assets, and capture a significant share of derivatives trading on-chain.

Prioritize the integration of AI reasoning and robot learning into laboratory automation, with a strong focus on interpretability and traceability for scientific research.

Impact: This will accelerate scientific discovery across various disciplines, fostering more effective human-AI collaboration and ensuring robust, verifiable research outcomes.

Early-stage AI-native startups should strategically target other nascent AI-native companies at formation, leveraging accelerators and "graduation moments" for customer acquisition.

Impact: This 'greenfield strategy' allows startups to build a loyal customer base, grow organically with their clients, and gain significant market share before incumbents can react.

Innovate in the creation of 'synthetic dollar' products backed by diverse, higher-yield assets (e.g., cash-and-carry trades, infrastructure financing) to expand collateral options for stablecoins.

Impact: This will enhance the robustness and utility of stablecoins, offer new investment vehicles, and allow for more sophisticated financial engineering within the on-chain ecosystem.

Tags

Keywords

on-chain finance autonomous labs greenfield strategy stablecoins AI in science startup growth defi credit perpification synthetic dollars enterprise software